Kidney stones are a common but painful experience, particularly for aging men, and diet plays a critical role in preventing their formation. Men who aim to avoid kidney stones or reduce recurrence should consider revising the leading factor in kidney health, their diet. Understanding dietary impacts on kidney health is crucial for middle-aged and older men. Philadelphia Urology Associates presents the top 5 essential diet changes aging men should make to support healthy kidneys and reduce kidney stones. Before we take a deeper look at how diet affects your kidneys, let's understand what a kidney stone is.
How Kidney Stones Develop
Kidney stones form when certain chemicals in urine—like calcium, oxalate, or uric acid—become too concentrated. These concentrated compounds and minerals may crystallize over time, creating small, hard stones that can cause intense pain as they move through the urinary tract. By adjusting your diet to manage these chemical levels, you can significantly reduce your risk.
Top Dietary Tips for Preventing Kidney Stones
1. Stay Hydrated
Hydration is one of the simplest and most effective ways to reduce kidney stone risk. Drinking enough water dilutes urine, which helps prevent crystal formation. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) suggests aiming for about 12 cups of fluids per day for those prone to kidney stones. While water is ideal, lemon water can provide additional benefits due to the citrate inside of lemons, a compound that prevents kidney stone formation.
2. Limit Salt Intake
Excess sodium is another contributor to kidney stones. Increased sodium in your diet raises calcium levels in urine, heightening the risk of developing stones. Limiting processed foods, canned items, and fast food, is an excellent way to reduce daily sodium intake. Instead, cook with fresh ingredients and use herbs and spices to flavor meals without adding salt.
3. Incorporate Calcium-Rich Foods
While it may seem counterintuitive, consuming adequate calcium can help prevent kidney stones. Dietary calcium binds to oxalate in the digestive tract, reducing the amount that reaches the kidneys and could crystallize. Good sources include low-fat dairy products like yogurt and milk. It’s best to get calcium from food sources rather than supplements, as overusing supplements may increase the risk of kidney stones.
4. Reduce Oxalate-Rich Foods
Foods high in oxalates can also increase stone formation if over-consumed. Some examples include spinach, beets, nuts, and chocolate. Rather than avoiding them altogether, balance oxalate-rich foods with calcium-rich options in the same meal. For example, pairing spinach with a yogurt-based dressing can reduce the risk of stone formation by binding oxalates in the digestive tract.
5. Moderate Protein Intake
Animal proteins, especially from red meat, poultry, and eggs, can increase the body’s uric acid levels, which contributes to kidney stones. Reducing animal protein intake or opting for plant-based proteins, like legumes and tofu, can help maintain a healthy balance. Men focusing on a high-protein diet should work with their urologist on moderation strategies and protein sources that support kidney health without increasing stone risks.
Foods to Favor for Kidney Health
Incorporating certain foods can actively support kidney function in aging men. Along with water and citrus fruits, a diet rich in vegetables and whole grains can aid in managing urinary pH levels and reducing stone-forming compounds. Whole grains like oats and brown rice provide complex carbohydrates that support overall wellness while avoiding high sodium content.
Philadelphia Urology Associates Approach Men’s Health Comprehensively
Philadelphia Urology Associates helps men develop health strategies that align with short-term symptom management and long-term wellness goals. Kidney stone prevention requires a comprehensive approach that includes a combination of dietary adjustments and routine monitoring. For men managing their kidney health or seeking to prevent kidney stones, working with an experienced urologist in Philadelphia can provide the targeted care needed to stay healthy. Call us today or contact us online to schedule a meeting with Dr. Bruce Sloane and his team.